First, a very belated Happy New Year to all. With the recovery of the S&P 500 in 2023, despite the narrowness of it led by the Magnificent 7, 2024 promises to be an interesting year with interest rate increases and inflation likely behind us, the Chinese economy continuing to struggle, recession concerns waning and an election in November. The S&P 500 has started the year +5.54% in a continuation of what we saw at the end of last year, led by NVIDIA Corp (NVDA) + 50.75%, Meta Platforms Inc (META) +36.68%, Amazon.com (AMZN) +13.06% and Microsoft Corp (MSFT) +8.95% (all returns through 2/16/23).

So, what’s on our mind?…

Rate Cuts.

 The base case to start the year was an expectation for 6 rate cuts in 2024. With a slightly “hot” CPI for January, the 10-year Treasury increased by roughly 25bp over the past several weeks. The first cut, originally, expected in March, has now been pushed out till what is now likely May. Our position has always been following what the Fed has been consistently messaging, that the rate of change of interest rates will be contingent on economic data. With inflation slowing and GDP still positive, there is no rush for the Fed to lower rates. While we expect the Fed to cut rates later this year, our expectation is for 3 cuts. Below is a chart that shows how various sectors of the market have performed in previous rate cut cycles since 1984:

China and Other International Markets.

 China continues to be challenging since the real estate crisis and the crackdown of technology companies over the last 2 years. The problems are secular and will be challenging to address. We have discussed the declining population of China in the past, and the chart on the left shows that despite the end of China’s one-child policy, birth rates have not improved. The chart on the right is equally as concerning as it marks the first time in decades that foreign investment in China is negative. 

Japan and the UK are both now technically in recession as they reported their second consecutive negative quarter of GDP. Japan’s contraction is connected to its shrinking population (red flag for China per above) as its population declined by almost 1 million people in 2022, the 14 th consecutive year of contraction. The UK differed slightly as population and wage growth were positive but not able to offset a drop in consumer spending. The rest of Europe is likely not far behind, which ultimately will set up for slowing inflation and rate cuts in the region in the near future.

Elections.

This will be an interesting “wild-card” to monitor as it becomes clearer over the next several months who will be representing each party as the presidential nominee as well as their respective running mates. Also of importance will be the make-up of Congress as that will dictate how much the winner will be able to execute their agendas.   In the near-term, the economy should be able to sustain enough momentum into the election with the recent strength and the potential backdrop of the Fed lowering rates. Stay tuned…

Random Anecdotes.

Here is a collection of some interesting random anecdotes that could have impact on different areas of the market:

• Novo Nordisk is getting calls from food makers as they face up to the potential threat from its appetite-suppressing drugs. CEO Lars Fruergaard Jorgensen said “scared” food bosses want to know how the treatments work and how fast they’ll roll out.  – Bloomberg

• UK CPI for Jan modestly undershoots the Street in Jan (core +5.1% vs. the Street +5.2% and headline +4% vs. the Street +4.1%), a relief for markets after the US reading on Tues. – Reuters

• Saudi Arabia decided to halt its oil capacity expansion plans because of the energy transition, its energy minister said on Monday, adding that the kingdom has plenty of spare capacity to cushion the oil market. – Reuters

• China’s government spending will rise this year, the nation’s Minister of Finance said, as authorities look for ways to bolster domestic demand and help the world’s second-largest economy regain momentum. “We will make sure the overall size of fiscal spending increases to play a better role stimulating domestic demand,” Finance Minister Lan Fo’an said. – Bloomberg

In summary, for 2024 while there is:

1. Weakness in the US economy with an increase in layoffs and slowing consumer spending
2. Weakness in global economies with China, Japan and Europe showing weak GDP growth and
3. Uncertainty in the 2nd half of the year with US elections; the backdrop of slowing inflation and the potential for interest rate cuts around the world should provide support and minimize the downside for global markets and eventually provide for a broader cyclical economic recovery.